Over the past decade, the conversation around sustainability in fashion has evolved from an aspirational ideal into a tangible shift in how brands design and produce. As concerns grow over the environmental impact of textile manufacturing, a new wave of materials—made from living organisms or renewable resources—is stepping into the spotlight, aiming to replace traditional fibers and leather. These emerging compounds offer a world of aesthetic and functional possibilities. Here’s a look at the biomaterials already making waves in fashion.

Innovation isn’t only measured by technological progress, but by the ability to transform waste into objects of desire. From algae to fungi, and cactus- or grape-based leathers, biomaterials are entering the fashion lexicon with the force of a trend that’s here to stay. These five scientific breakthroughs are already being showcased on runways and in designer collections.

1. Piñatex

An innovative leather alternative made from pineapple leaf fibers—a byproduct of agriculture typically discarded.

Hugo Boss incorporated Piñatex into sneakers that retain a classic look while significantly reducing environmental impact.

2. Mylo

Grown from mushroom roots (mycelium), this material mimics the texture of leather with a soft, pliable finish. Its production consumes less water and emits fewer greenhouse gases.

Stella McCartney debuted The Frayme Mylo™️, the first handbag designed entirely with this material.

3. Sylvania

Developed by MycoWorks in collaboration with Hermès, Sylvania is a refined vegan leather made from fine mycelium and finished using traditional French tanning techniques.

This biomaterial was custom-developed for the Victoria Shopper Bag by Hermès.

3. Algae Bioplastic

A translucent, ethereal material that resembles plastic but is entirely free of petroleum-based derivatives. 

In a collaboration with industrial designer Charlotte McCurdy, Phillip Lim designed a sequin dress using this futuristic material.

4. Orange Fiber

A plant-based silk made from byproducts of the citrus industry. Its soft texture and natural sheen make it ideal for fluid, luxurious garments.

Loewe was among the first to use it in a limited edition of asymmetrical shirts.

5. Circulose

A new type of viscose made from recycled textiles, developed by Renewcell. It’s blended with organic cotton and wood pulp to reinvent durable, sustainable denim.

Levi’s reimagined its iconic 501s using this eco-conscious blend as part of its DESIGNED FOR CIRCULARITYcollection.

The rise of biomaterials marks a pivotal opportunity to redefine the future of fashion. While many of these compounds are still in experimental stages, their increasing presence in commercial collections signals that the transition toward a more responsible and sustainable textile industry is already underway.